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Effective temperature scale and bolometric corrections from 2MASS photometry
We present a method to determine effective temperatures, angularsemi-diameters and bolometric corrections for population I and II FGKtype stars based on V and 2MASS IR photometry. Accurate calibration isaccomplished by using a sample of solar analogues, whose averagetemperature is assumed to be equal to the solar effective temperature of5777 K. By taking into account all possible sources of error we estimateassociated uncertainties to better than 1% in effective temperature andin the range 1.0-2.5% in angular semi-diameter for unreddened stars.Comparison of our new temperatures with other determinations extractedfrom the literature indicates, in general, remarkably good agreement.These results suggest that the effective temperaure scale of FGK starsis currently established with an accuracy better than 0.5%-1%. Theapplication of the method to a sample of 10 999 dwarfs in the Hipparcoscatalogue allows us to define temperature and bolometric correction (Kband) calibrations as a function of (V-K), [m/H] and log g. Bolometriccorrections in the V and K bands as a function of T_eff, [m/H] and log gare also given. We provide effective temperatures, angularsemi-diameters, radii and bolometric corrections in the V and K bandsfor the 10 999 FGK stars in our sample with the correspondinguncertainties.
| Spectral Classification of Stars in A Supplement to the Bright Star Catalogue
MK spectral types are given for about 584 stars in A Supplement to theBright Star Catalogue. These are compared with Hipparcos parallaxes tocheck the reliability of those classifications. The estimated errors are+/-1.2 subtypes, and 10% of the luminosity classes may be wrong.
| The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Improved Astrometry and Photometry for the Luyten Catalog. II. Faint Stars and the Revised Catalog
We complete construction of a catalog containing improved astrometry andnew optical/infrared photometry for the vast majority of NLTT starslying in the overlap of regions covered by POSS I and by the secondincremental Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) release, approximately 44%of the sky. The epoch 2000 positions are typically accurate to 130 mas,the proper motions to 5.5 mas yr-1, and the V-J colors to0.25 mag. Relative proper motions of binary components are measured to 3mas yr-1. The false-identification rate is ~1% for11<~V<~18 and substantially less at brighter magnitudes. Theseimprovements permit the construction of a reduced proper-motion diagramthat, for the first time, allows one to classify NLTT stars intomain-sequence (MS) stars, subdwarfs (SDs), and white dwarfs (WDs). We inturn use this diagram to analyze the properties of both our catalog andthe NLTT catalog on which it is based. In sharp contrast to popularbelief, we find that NLTT incompleteness in the plane is almostcompletely concentrated in MS stars, and that SDs and WDs are detectedalmost uniformly over the sky δ>-33deg. Our catalogwill therefore provide a powerful tool to probe these populationsstatistically, as well as to reliably identify individual SDs and WDs.
| HIPPARCOS age-metallicity relation of the solar neighbourhood disc stars
We derive age-metallicity relations (AMRs) and orbital parameters forthe 1658 solar neighbourhood stars to which accurate distances aremeasured by the HIPPARCOS satellite. The sample stars comprise 1382 thindisc stars, 229 thick disc stars, and 47 halo stars according to theirorbital parameters. We find a considerable scatter for thin disc AMRalong the one-zone Galactic chemical evolution (GCE) model. Orbits andmetallicities of thin disc stars show now clear relation each other. Thescatter along the AMR exists even if the stars with the same orbits areselected. We examine simple extension of one-zone GCE models whichaccount for inhomogeneity in the effective yield and inhomogeneous starformation rate in the Galaxy. Both extensions of the one-zone GCE modelcannot account for the scatter in age - [Fe/H] - [Ca/Fe] relationsimultaneously. We conclude, therefore, that the scatter along the thindisc AMR is an essential feature in the formation and evolution of theGalaxy. The AMR for thick disc stars shows that the star formationterminated 8 Gyr ago in the thick disc. As already reported by Grattonet al. (\cite{Gratton_et.al.2000}) and Prochaska et al.(\cite{Prochaska_et.al.2000}), thick disc stars are more Ca-rich thanthin disc stars with the same [Fe/H]. We find that thick disc stars showa vertical abundance gradient. These three facts, the AMR, verticalgradient, and [Ca/Fe]-[Fe/H] relation, support monolithic collapseand/or accretion of satellite dwarf galaxies as likely thick discformation scenarios. Tables 2 and 3 are only available in electronicform at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5)or via http:/ /cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/ cgi-bin/qcat?J/ A+A/394/927
| A near infrared study of the HII/photodissociation region DR 18 in Cygnus
Near infrared observations of DR 18, a HII region in the Cygnus Xmolecular complex, are presented in this paper. These observationsreveal DR 18 as an arc-shaped nebula in the 2.2 mu m region, with acentral star of V=15.6 obscured by A_V =~ 8 magnitudes. Visible andnear-infrared spectroscopy and photometry indicate a spectral typearound B0.5V for this star, while a near-infrared color-color diagram ofthe stars in the area shows that the central star is the most luminousone of a loose aggregate. Analysis of the narrow band imaging in the Kband suggests that the arc nebulosity is principally due to emission bysmall grains, heated by the central star, in a photodissociation region.We interpret the arc nebula as the interface between a molecular cloudthat is being eroded by the central star and the resulting HII region.Using published models of photodissociation regions, we estimate thedensity in the arc nebula to be a few times 10(3) cm(-3) . We brieflydiscuss the possible relation of the structures observed in the nearinfrared with the source IRAS 20333+4102, which has been included inseveral far infrared and radio studies of the area. We conclude thatIRAS 20333+4102 is not directly related to any of the structures that wedescribe here, and could be an intermediate mass protostar embeddeddeeper in the molecular cloud. The emission associated to ionized gas inDR 18 has a morphology fairly different from that of the arc nebula,being brighter near the position of the central star. A crescent-shapedpeak is observed beside the central star and facing the arc nebula,suggesting an interaction between a stream of ionized gas from thenebula and the wind from the central star. We present two dimensionalgas dynamical simulations which successfully reproduce such gas stream,the bow shock ahead of the central star, and the overall appearance ofthe nebula. An essential component of our model is the existence of anoutward-decreasing density stratification in the cloud being eroded, asis commonly observed in dense molecular clumps. The simple geometry ofthe nebula and the observability of the central star at shortwavelengths make the derivation of the physical conditions of the regionand the modeling of its dynamical evolution comparatively easier than inother, similar regions. DR 18 thus provides a good case study of severalfeatures associated to the interaction of an early B star with amolecular cloud. Based on observations collected at the German-SpanishAstronomical Center (Calar Alto, Spain), and at the European SouthernObservatory (La Silla, Chile)
| First radial velocities for 146 bright F- and G-type stars
We have obtained an average of 5.7 radial velocities for 146 northernstars of types F and G (all luminosity classes) listed in 'A Supplementto the Bright Star Catalogue' as having no previously known radialvelocity measures. Those were obtained with charge coupled devices(CCDs) and a cross-correlation technique; the intrinsic velocityaccuracy, based on stars of apparently constant velocity, is probablyless than +/- 0.3 km/s per mean. Of those stars 14% are newly discoveredSB2 stars. The prevelance of rapid profile variations (in minutes orhours) in most of the broad-lined F-type stars makes it difficult toobtain accurate measures for them.
| Interstellar extinction in the vicinity of the North America and Pelican Nebulae. II
The results of photoelectric photometry of 564 stars in the Vilniusseven-color system in three areas near the North America and PelicanNebulae are given. Photometric spectral types, absolute magnitudes,color excesses, interstellar extinction,s and distances to the stars aredetermined. We find that the dark cloud separating both nebulae is at580 pc distance. A number of stars immersed in the dark cloud have beenfound. It seems that the dark cloud extends south down to 40 degdeclination. The area southwest of alpha Cygni in the declination zones42 deg and 43 deg is comparatively transparent at least up to 1 kpc.
| The R-I color indiuces measured with the S-20 photocathode
Not Available
| Photoelectric Photometry of Stars in the Vilnius System in the Area of the North America and Pelican Nebulae
Not Available
| Observations of the line profiles of H2 in the DR 21 molecular cloud
The profile of the H2 v = 1-0 S(1) emission line in the molecular cloudassociated with the DR 21 H II regions has been observed at the positionof three of the H2 emission peaks with the 1.6-m telescope of theObservatoire du Mont Megantic. In all cases, the H2 line is blueshiftedwith respect to the velocity of the surrounding molecular cloud. Thisasymmetry is more pronounced in the west lobe, where velocities up to-80 km/s with respect to the ambient cloud are detected. The lineprofiles appear to be caused by the collision with the ambient cloud ofa high-velocity molecular outflow originating at or near the position ofthe H2O maser.
| MK classification for F- and G-type stars. IV
MK spectral classifications are given for 112 stars brighter than mv =7.5, having HD types F2-G5. The classifications were made on slitspectrograms of dispersion 75 A/mm at H gamma.
| Kinematical data of two samples of late-type stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977A&AS...27..267G&db_key=AST
| Narrow-band photometry of late-type stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1970A&AS....1..199H&db_key=AST
| A catalogue of four-color photometry of late F-type stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1969AJ.....74..705P&db_key=AST
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