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Photometry and Spectroscopy of 11 γ Doradus Stars
We have used precise photometric and high-dispersion spectroscopicobservations to study 11 γ Doradus stars, 10 of them newlyconfirmed. Only five of these 11 γ Doradus stars appear to besingle; two are primaries of double-lined spectroscopic binaries, one isthe secondary of a double-lined binary, two are primaries of visualbinaries and, in the case of the double-lined binary (HD 86371), eitheror both components could be a pulsating γ Doradus star. We havedetermined a preliminary orbital period of 5.32 days for thedouble-lined binary HD 41547. Several of the stars show spectroscopicline-profile and low-amplitude radial velocity variability indicative ofpulsation. All 11 stars are photometrically variable with amplitudesbetween 4 and 94 mmag in Johnson B and periods between 0.38 and 1.86days. The 11 stars have between two and five independent periods. Thevariability at all periods approximates a sinusoid. We provide a newtabulation of all 66 γ Doradus stars confirmed to date and listsome of their properties. All are dwarfs or subgiants and lie within awell-defined region of the H-R diagram that overlaps the cool edge ofthe δ Scuti instability strip. Four of the new γ Doradusvariables from this paper also lie within the δ Scuti instabilitystrip but do not exhibit the additional higher frequency variabilitytypical of δ Scuti stars. Among the 66 confirmed γ Doradusvariables, we find no correlation between the period of the strongestpulsation mode and the (B-V) color index, absolute magnitude, orluminosity.
| The 78th Name-List of Variable Stars
We present the next regular Name-List of variable stars containinginformation on 1706 variable stars recently designated in the system ofthe General Catalogue of Variable Stars.
| The infrared void in the Lupus dark clouds revisited: a polarimetric approach
The results of B-band CCD imaging linear polarimetry obtained for starsfrom the Hipparcos catalogue are used to re-examine the distribution ofthe local interstellar medium towards the IRAS 100-μm emission voidin the Lupus dark clouds. The analysis of the obtainedparallax-polarization diagram assigns to the dark cloud Lupus1 adistance between 130 and 150pc and assures the existence of a low columndensity region coincident with the observed infrared void. Moreover,there are clear indications of the existence of absorbing material atdistances closer than 60-100pc, which may be associated with theinterface boundary between the Local Bubble and its neighbourhood LoopIsuperbubble.
| A Dozen New γ Doradus Stars
We use new high-dispersion spectroscopic and precise photometricobservations to identify 12 new γ Doradus stars. Two of the 12systems are double-lined binaries that show obvious velocityvariability. Five other stars have metallic lines with compositeprofiles characterized by a narrow feature near the center of each broadcomponent. Spectrograms of the Hα line indicate that all fivestars are binaries rather than shell stars. The remaining five stars inour sample are probably single. All 12 stars are photometricallyvariable with amplitudes between 6 and 87 mmag in Johnson B and periodsbetween 0.3 and 1.2 days. Four stars are monoperiodic; the rest havebetween two and five independent periods. The variability at all periodsapproximates a sinusoid. Although many of the stars lie within theδ Scuti instability strip, none exhibit the higher frequencyvariability seen in δ Scuti stars. We have increased the sample ofknown γ Doradus stars by 40% and revised the positions of a numberof variables in the H-R diagram by accounting for duplicity. Our list of42 confirmed γ Doradus variables gives some of their properties.All are dwarfs or subgiants and lie within a well-defined region of theH-R diagram that overlaps the cool edge of the δ Scuti instabilitystrip. We compare the observed location of the γ Doradus variableswith a recently published theoretical γ Doradus instability stripand find good agreement.
| A Theoretical γ Doradus Instability Strip
In this paper, we present the first theoretical γ Doradusinstability strip. We find that our model instability strip agrees verywell with the previously established, observationally based, instabilitystrip of Handler & Shobbrook. We stress, as do Guzik et al., thatthe convection zone depth plays the major role in the determination ofour instability strip. Once this depth becomes too deep or too shallow,the convection zone no longer allows for pulsational instability. Ourtheoretical γ Dor instability strip is bounded by ~6850 and 7360 Kat the red and blue edge, respectively, on the zero-age main sequenceand by ~6560 and 7000 K at the red and blue edge, respectively,approximately 2 mag more luminous. This theoretical strip, transformedto the observer's color-magnitude diagram, overlays the region wheremost of the 30 bona fide γ Dor stars are found.
| Six New γ Doradus Stars
We present high-resolution spectroscopy and precision photometry of sixnew γ Doradus stars, one of which was independently discovered byanother group. This brings the total number of confirmed γ Doradusvariables to 30. All six of these variables fall in the spectral classrange F0-F2 all but one are subgiants. The six stars have between oneand five photometric periods in the range 0.3-1.2 days. We find noevidence for higher frequency δ Scuti pulsations in any of thesesix stars. Our spectroscopic observations reveal HD 108100 to be thefirst confirmed γ Doradus variable with composite broad and narrowline profiles suggesting the presence of a circumstellar shell or disk.HD 221866 has the most asymmetric absorption lines of the six stars inthis paper and also the largest photometric amplitude. Most of the 30confirmed γ Doradus variables lie in a fairly tight region of theH-R diagram on or just above the main sequence that partially overlapsthe cool edge of the δ Scuti instability strip. However, threestars, including two of the new variables in this paper, are subgiantsthat lie well within the δ Scuti strip. Among the 30 confirmedγ Doradus variables, we find no correlation between thephotometric periods and intrinsic color, absolute magnitude, orluminosity.
| On the relationship between the δ Scuti and γ Doradus pulsators
We searched for δ Scuti-type pulsations amongst known andcandidate γ Doradus stars. The motivations for such a project comefrom the need to understand the relationship of these two classes ofpulsator better, from the present poor knowledge of the hot border ofthe γ Doradus phenomenon, and from the exciting prospects forasteroseismology should stars be found which have both types ofpulsation excited. We acquired 270h of observations and monitored atotal of 26 stars. One target, HD 209295, turned out to be a member ofboth classes of pulsating star, but this object is peculiar in the sensethat it is a close binary. We classify six of our targets as new bonafide γ Doradus stars, whereas nine more are good γ Doraduscandidates, and three turned out to be ellipsoidal variables. One of ourprogramme stars was found to be a δ Scuti star, with no additionalγ Doradus variations. Furthermore, one star was already known tobe a bona fide γ Doradus star, and we could not find anunambiguous explanation for the variability of five more stars. Theanalysis of our data together with improved knowledge of stars from theliterature enabled us to revise the blue border of the γ Doradusphenomenon towards cooler temperatures. This new blue edge is muchbetter defined than the previous one and extends from a temperature ofabout 7550K on the ZAMS to 7400K one magnitude above it. Five bona fideγ Doradus stars we observed are located inside the δ Scutiinstability strip, but none of them exhibited observable δ Scutipulsations. We therefore suggest that γ Doradus stars are lesslikely to be δ Scuti pulsators compared with other normal stars inthe same region of the lower instability strip. In addition, we showthat there is a clear separation between the pulsation constants Q ofδ Scuti and γ Doradus stars. The γ Doradus stars knownto date all have Q>0.23d.
| On the infrared void in the Lupus dark clouds
Strömgren uvbyβ photometry observations obtained for 205 starsin the general direction of a void in the IRAS 100-μm emission fromthe Lupus dark cloud complex are presented and analysed. The colourexcess versus distance diagram confirms the existence of a regiondepleted from interstellar material, which is also seen in the ROSATsoft X-ray background emission map. The distance to the surroundingmaterial is estimated as being within the interval from 60 to 100pc.This result is in disagreement with previous distance estimates to thesupposed supernova that has been suggested as responsible for clearingthe region from dust. As an alternative, the data presented support thesuggestion that the void may have been produced by the detachment ofmaterial from the interface between LoopI and the Local Bubble as aconsequence of hydromagnetic instabilities. Moreover, the distributionof colour excess as a function of distance supports a value of ~150pc asthe most probable distance to the dark cloud known as Lupus1.
| The domain of γ Doradus variables in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
70 new γ Doradus candidates were identified from Hipparcosphotometry, which represents more than a doubling of the presently knownnumber. Selecting the objects with good evidence for multiperiodicity,it is found that these stars, together with bona fide members of theclass, occupy a well-defined region in a colour-magnitude diagram. Thisdomain corresponds to a range of 7200-7700K on the zero-age mainsequence (ZAMS) and 6900-7500K one magnitude above it, which partlyoverlaps with the instability strip of δ Scuti stars. For thefirst time, γ Doradus stars can be discussed as a group. They canbe found over a significant fraction of the main sequence lifetimes forobjects in the relevant temperature range. An upper limit on the surfacemetallicity of γ Doradus stars is apparent, which may guide thesearch for their pulsation driving mechanism. The importance of possibleobjects exhibiting both γ Doradus and δ Scuti-typepulsations is discussed.
| Starlight polarization and CO observations towards the Lupus clouds
We performed an observational study of the dark filaments Lupus 1 andLupus 4 using both polarimetric observations of 190 stars and a sampleof 72 ^12CO profiles towards these clouds. We have estimated lowerlimits to the distances of Lupus 1 and Lupus 4 (>~ 140 and >~ 125pc, respectively). The observational strategy of the survey allows us tocompare the projected magnetic field in an extended area around eachcloud with the magnetic field direction observed to prevail along theclouds. Lupus 4 could have collapsed along the magnetic field lines,while in Lupus 1 the magnetic field appears to be less ordered, havingthe major axis of the filaments parallel to the large-scale projectedmagnetic field. These differences would imply that both filaments havedifferent pattern evolutions. From the CO observations we have probedthe velocity fields of the filaments and the spatial extension of themolecular gas with respect to the dust.
| UBV polarimetry of 361 A- and F-type stars in selected areas
We present simultaneous UBV linear polarization measurements for 361 A-and F-type stars with accurate colour excess and distance determination.These stars are distributed in 35 Kapteyn's Selected Areas, covering thethird and fourth quadrants of the galactic plane (|b| <= 30degr ).The obtained polarization and the known colour excess are compared. Ananalysis of the polarization distribution as a function of the stellardistance is also performed. Based on observations collected at theEuropean Southern Observatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile.
| A homogeneous catalog of new UBV and H-beta photometry of B- and A-type stars in and around the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association
B- and A-type stars in and near the Sco-Cen OB association areinvestigated with UBV and H-beta photometry to acquire data relevant tothe luminosity function of Sco-Cen. The measurements generally consistof two 10-s integrations of U, B, V, (W, N) filters, and theobservations are corrected iteratively for atmospheric extinction andinstrumental response. The data presented give the mean V magnitude,mean B-V, mean U-B, and the estimated uncertainties for these values.The catalog provides a homogeneous catalog of data for a large fieldwith stellar objects delineating membership to the association Sco-Cenand that affect the luminosity function of the aggregate.
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