Speckle Observations of Binary Stars with a 0.5 m Telescope
We present 36 observations of 17 visual binaries of moderate separation(ranging from 0.15" to 0.790") made with the 50 cm Cassegrain telescopeof the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. The speckleinterferometry technique was combined with modest optical hardware and astandard photometric CCD camera. We used broadband VRI filters without aRisley prism to reduce differential color refraction. Thus, we performeda model analysis to investigate the influence of this effect on theresults of the measurements. For binary components of spectral type O-F,the difference of three spectral classes between them should bias theirrelative positions by no more than a couple of tens of milliarcseconds(mas) for moderate zenith distances. The statistical analysis of ourresults confirmed this conclusion. A cross-spectrum approach was appliedto resolve the quadrant ambiguity. Our separations have rms deviationsof 0.012", and our position angles have rms deviations of 1.8d. Relativephotometry in V, R, and I filters appeared to be the less accuratelydetermined parameter. We discuss our errors in detail and compare themto other speckle data. This comparison clearly shows the quite goodaccuracy of our measurements. We also present an example of theenhancement of image resolution for an extended object with an angularsize that is greater than the atmospheric coherence patch, using speckleinterferometry techniques.
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Chromospheric Ca II Emission in Nearby F, G, K, and M Stars
We present chromospheric Ca II H and K activity measurements, rotationperiods, and ages for ~1200 F, G, K, and M type main-sequence stars from~18,000 archival spectra taken at Keck and Lick Observatories as a partof the California and Carnegie Planet Search Project. We have calibratedour chromospheric S-values against the Mount Wilson chromosphericactivity data. From these measurements we have calculated medianactivity levels and derived R'HK, stellar ages,and rotation periods from general parameterizations for 1228 stars,~1000 of which have no previously published S-values. We also presentprecise time series of activity measurements for these stars.Based on observations obtained at Lick Observatory, which is operated bythe University of California, and on observations obtained at the W. M.Keck Observatory, which is operated jointly by the University ofCalifornia and the California Institute of Technology. The KeckObservatory was made possible by the generous financial support of theW. M. Keck Foundation.
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Kinematics of Hipparcos Visual Binaries. II. Stars with Ground-Based Orbital Solutions
This paper continues kinematical investigations of the Hipparcos visualbinaries with known orbits. A sample, consisting of 804 binary systemswith orbital elements determined from ground-based observations, isselected. The mean relative error of their parallaxes is about 12% andthe mean relative error of proper motions is about 4%. However, even 41%of the sample stars lack radial velocity measurements. The computedGalactic velocity components and other kinematical parameters are usedto divide the stars with known radial velocities into kinematical agegroups. The majority (92%) of binaries from the sample are thin diskstars, 7.6% have thick disk kinematics and only two binaries have halokinematics. Among them, the long-period variable Mira Ceti has a verydiscordant {Hipparcos} and ground-based parallax values. From the wholesample, 60 stars are ascribed to the thick disk and halo population.There is an urgent need to increase the number of the identified halobinaries with known orbits and substantially improve the situation withradial velocity data for stars with known orbits.
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ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XXIII. Measurements during 1982-1997 from Six Telescopes, with 14 New Orbits
We present 2017 observations of 1286 binary stars, observed by means ofspeckle interferometry using six telescopes over a 15 year period from1982 April to 1997 June. These measurements constitute the 23dinstallment in CHARA's speckle program at 2 to 4 m class telescopes andinclude the second major collection of measurements from the MountWilson 100 inch (2.5 m) Hooker Telescope. Orbital elements are alsopresented for 14 systems, seven of which have had no previouslypublished orbital analyses.
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Speckle Interferometry at the US Naval Observatory. V.
The results of 1544 speckle interferometric observations of 637 binarystars, ranging in separation from 0.25" to 5.25", are tabulated. Theseobservations were obtained using the 66 cm refractor at the US NavalObservatory in Washington, DC, with an intensified CCD detector. This isthe fifth in a series of papers presenting measures obtained with thissystem and covers the period 1998 January 1 through December 31. Randomerrors for all measures are estimated to be 17.6 mas in separation and0.55d/ρ in position angle, where ρ is the separation inarcseconds.
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Two-colour photometry for 9473 components of close Hipparcos double and multiple stars
Using observations obtained with the Tycho instrument of the ESAHipparcos satellite, a two-colour photometry is produced for componentsof more than 7 000 Hipparcos double and multiple stars with angularseparations 0.1 to 2.5 arcsec. We publish 9473 components of 5173systems with separations above 0.3 arcsec. The majority of them did nothave Tycho photometry in the Hipparcos catalogue. The magnitudes arederived in the Tycho B_T and V_T passbands, similar to the Johnsonpassbands. Photometrically resolved components of the binaries withstatistically significant trigonometric parallaxes can be put on an HRdiagram, the majority of them for the first time. Based on observationsmade with the ESA Hipparcos satellite.
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Speckle Interferometry at the US Naval Observatory. IV.
The results of 1314 speckle interferometric observations of 625 binarystars, ranging in separation from 0.2" to 5.2" with a limiting secondarymagnitude of V=11, are tabulated. These observations were obtained usingthe 66 cm refractor at the US Naval Observatory in Washington, DC, withan intensified CCD detector. This is the fourth in a series of paperspresenting measures obtained with this equipment and covers the period1997 January 1 through December 31. Random errors for all measures areestimated to be 18 mas in separation and 0.57d/rho in position angle,where rho is the separation in arcseconds.
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Speckle Interferometry at the US Naval Observatory. II.
Position angles and separations resulting from 2406 speckleinterferometric observations of 547 binary stars are tabulated. This isthe second in a series of papers presenting measures obtained using the66 cm refractor at the US Naval Observatory in Washington, DC, with anintensified CCD detector. Program stars range in separation from 0.2" to3.8", with Deltam<=2.5 mag and a limiting magnitude of V=10.0. Theobservation epochs run from 1993 January through 1995 August. Randomerrors are estimated to be 14 mas in separation and 0.52d/rho inposition angle, where rho is the separation in arcseconds. Theinstrumentation and calibration are briefly described. Aspects of thedata analysis related to the avoidance of systematic errors are alsodiscussed.
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A catalog of rotational and radial velocities for evolved stars
Rotational and radial velocities have been measured for about 2000evolved stars of luminosity classes IV, III, II and Ib covering thespectral region F, G and K. The survey was carried out with the CORAVELspectrometer. The precision for the radial velocities is better than0.30 km s-1, whereas for the rotational velocity measurementsthe uncertainties are typically 1.0 km s-1 for subgiants andgiants and 2.0 km s-1 for class II giants and Ib supergiants.These data will add constraints to studies of the rotational behaviourof evolved stars as well as solid informations concerning the presenceof external rotational brakes, tidal interactions in evolved binarysystems and on the link between rotation, chemical abundance and stellaractivity. In this paper we present the rotational velocity v sin i andthe mean radial velocity for the stars of luminosity classes IV, III andII. Based on observations collected at the Haute--Provence Observatory,Saint--Michel, France and at the European Southern Observatory, LaSilla, Chile. Table \ref{tab5} also available in electronic form at CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
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Micrometer Measures of Double Stars
Micrometer measures of 795 double stars made with the 26 inch (0.66 m)refractor of the US Naval Observatory from 1984 to 1990 are presented.
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CCD and micrometric observations of visual double stars
Relative positions and separations for 65 visual binaries are given. CCDframes were taken at the 1-m coudetelescope and micrometric observationswere carried out at the 65-cm refractor, both at the Venezuelan NationalObservatory. The visual double stars observed were selected from theRamon Maria Aller Observatory program list. In addition, we alsoobserved several long period double stars with poorly determined orbitalelements.
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Measurements of double stars 1993.67 - 1998.13
624 Micrometer Measurements of 224 pairs with a 32.5 cm Cassegrain, 719Measurements of 310 double stars with a 360 mm Newtonian are given.Tables 1 to 4 are available in electronic form only at the CDS130.79.128.5 or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
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Speckle Interferometry at the US Naval Observatory. I.
We present speckle interferometer measurements of 467 binary stars takenat the US Naval Observatory in Washington, DC, using the 66 cmrefractor, from 1990 October through 1992 December. The observingprogram is designed to provide high-quality observations of binaries inthe 0."3--3."5 range of separations and as faint as 10.0 mag. More than8000 measurements have been made to date, of which we report the resultsfor 2329. Not only is it our intent to provide accurate data forinteresting binary stars, but also, by careful calibration, to firmlyrelate the "classical" astrometry of binary stars to that being obtainedtoday by speckle and that which will soon be obtained by other moderntechniques such as long-baseline optical interferometry.
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ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XVII. Measurements During 1993-1995 From the Mount Wilson 2.5-M Telescope.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....114.1639H&db_key=AST
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ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XVI. Measurements During 1982-1989 from the Perkins 1.8-M Telescope.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....114.1623F&db_key=AST
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Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
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Evolved GK stars near the sun. I - The old disk population
A sample of nearly two thousand GK giants with intermediate band, (R,I),DDO and Geneva photometry has been assembled. Astrometric data is alsoavailable for most of the stars. The some 800 members of the old diskpopulation in the sample yield accurate luminosities (from two sources),reddening values and chemical abundances from calibrations of thephotometric parameters. Less than one percent of the objects arepeculiar in the sense that the flux distribution is abnormal. Thepeculiarity is signaled by strong CH (and Ba II) and weak CH. The CH+stars are all spectroscopic binaries, probably with white dwarfcompanions, whereas the CH- stars are not. A broad absorption band,centered near 3500 A, is found in the CH+ stars whereas the CH- objectshave a broad emission feature in the same region. The intensity of theseabsorptions and emissions are independent of the intensity of abnormalspectral features. Ten percent of the old disk sample have a heavyelement abundance from one and a half to three times the solar value.The distribution of the heavy element abundances is nearly a normal onewith a peak near solar abundance and ranges three times to one sixthsolar. The distribution of the (U, V) velocities is independent of theheavy element abundance and does not appear to be random. Ten percent ofthe old disk stars show a CN anomaly, equally divided between CN strongand CN weak. Several stars of individual astrometric or astrophysicalimportance are isolated.
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. V - Measurements during 1988-1989 from the Kitt Peak and the Cerro Tololo 4 M telescopes
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1990AJ.....99..965M&db_key=AST
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. IV - Measurements during 1986-1988 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescope
One thousand five hundred and fifty measurements of 1006 binary starsystems observed mostly during 1986 through mid-1988 by means of speckleinterferometry with the KPNO 4-m telescope are presented. Twenty-onesystems are directly resolved for the first time, including newcomponents to the cool supergiant Alpha Her A and the Pleiades shellstar Pleione. A continuing survey of The Bright Star Catalogue yieldedeight new binaries from 293 bright stars observed. Corrections tospeckle measures from the GSU/CHARA ICCD speckle camera previouslypublished are presented and discussed.
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Orbital binaries with variable components
Published observational data are compiled for 171 binary systems forwhich (1) orbital parameters have been computed and (2) one or bothcomponents are known or suspected to exhibit intrinsic variability. Theselection criteria for the catalog are discussed; the data are presentedin a large table; and brief notes on the unusual characteristics ofspecific binaries are provided.
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Binary star measurements made at Nice with the 50-cm reflector
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1989A&AS...77..125L&db_key=AST
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Magnetic structure in cool stars. XV - The evolution of rotation rates and chromospheric activity of giants
For cool giants and subgiants the observed dependence of rotationalvelocity and Ca II H and K line-core emission on color B-V isinterpreted in terms of changes in the moment of inertia by stellarevolution. Modeling of the rotational velocity during the evolution ofcool giants with masses between 2.0 and 3.0 solar masses, by taking intoaccount the change in the moment of inertia and assuming rigid-bodyrotation and conservation of angular momentum, describes the observeddecrease of v sin i with B-V. The computed evolution of the rotationalvelocity, together with the empirical relation between the Ca IIline-core emission and the rotation rate, explain the observed drop inthe Ca II line-core emission for giants at B-V = about 0.95. Forsubgiants with masses of about 1.5 solar mass, the change in the momentof inertia by itself cannot explain the observed v sin i distribution:there are indications of loss of angular momentum, presumably bymagnetic braking.
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Micrometer Measurements of Visual Double Stars - Part Three -
Not Available
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. II - Measurements during 1982-1985 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescope
This paper represents the continuation of a systematic program of binarystar speckle interferometry initiated at the 4 m telescope on Kitt Peakin late 1975. Between 1975 and 1981, the observations were obtained witha photographic speckle camera, the data from which were reduced byoptical analog methods. In mid-1982, a new speckle camera employing anintensified charge-coupled device as the detector continued the programand necessitated the development of new digital procedures for reducingand analyzing speckle data. The camera and the data-processingtechniques are described herein. This paper presents 2780 newmeasurements of 1012 binary and multiple star systems, including thefirst direct resolution of 64 systems, for the interval 1982 through1985.
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Transformation equations and other aids for VRI photometry
Transformations among VRI systems are commonly beset by Paschen-jumpeffects, for which fully satisfactory allowance has not previously beenmade. This paper describes two new techniques which are based on thework of Gutierrez-Moreno, and which allow fully for the effects of thePaschen jump. Values of E(V-R)/E(B-V) and E(R-I)/E(B-V) are also givenfor the Cousins system for a wide range of temperatures. These and thenew techniques contribute to a set of new transformation relations whichapply for most VRI systems; the status of the remaining systems isreviewed, and future work needed for them is described. Two majorsources of Cousins VRI data underlie the new relations; the consistencyof these sources is reviewed and found to be generally satisfactory,although more work on this question is needed. Finally, three tables oftransformed standard-star and other data are given for the Cousins andJohnson systems, and a description of ways to reproduce the latter ispresented.
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Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. IX
Four hundred-forty measurements of 232 binary stars observed during 1981by means of speckle interferometry with the 4-m telescope at KPNO arerepresented. Newly resolved systems include Xi-1 Cet, Rho Her A, HD187321, and 59 Cyg A.
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A calibration of the gnkmfu system for dwarf stars
Calibrations to R-I and Fe/H abundance have been established for Gdwarfs in the gnkmfu narrow band system. The accuracy obtained for R-Iand Fe/H is + or - 0.02 and + or - 0.15, respectively. Also, a measureof internal consistency between the narrow band indices, Res (k), hasbeen derived. A catalogue of Res (k), R-I and Fe/H, derived from thephotoelectric indices, is given for 253 G dwarfs.
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Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. VIII
Six hundred measurements of 331 binary stars observed during 1980 bymeans of speckle interferometry with the 4 m telescope at Kitt PeakNational Observatory are presented. Thirty-two systems are directlyresolved for the first time. Newly resolved spectroscopic binariesinclude HR 2001, 53 Dam, HR 6388, HR 6469, 31 Omicron-2 Cyg, HR 7922,and alpha Equ.
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Micrometer measurements of visual binaries
A total of 376 micrometer measurements of 116 visual binaries made atthe Nice Observatory, France, in the years 1980-1983 is presented. Eachpair is identified by the A.D.S. number, the name of the couple, and theB.D. number. The next line gives the I.D.S. number, the A.D.S.magnitudes, and the spectral types. This is followed by the epoch of theobservation, the observed position angle and distance of the components,and the aperture of the refractor used. The means and the residuals fromknown orbits are given in the next lines. The symbol 'N' denotes thatthe observations were made with a 74-cm refractor; the symbol 'n'denotes a 50-cm refractor.
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Interferometer observations of double stars. II
Position angles and separations of 83 visual binaries have been measuredwith a photoelectric phase-grating interferometer on a 1-m reflector.Twenty pairs deviate significantly from the ephemerides; nine starsremain unresolved. The magnitude limit of the interferometer iscalculated from the measured seeing and found to agree with the actuallimit of about nine magnitudes.
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