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מאמרים קשורים
Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample
We are obtaining spectra, spectral types, and basic physical parametersfor the nearly 3600 dwarf and giant stars earlier than M0 in theHipparcos catalog within 40 pc of the Sun. Here we report on resultsfor 1676 stars in the southern hemisphere observed at Cerro TololoInter-American Observatory and Steward Observatory. These resultsinclude new, precise, homogeneous spectral types, basic physicalparameters (including the effective temperature, surface gravity, andmetallicity [M/H]), and measures of the chromospheric activity of ourprogram stars. We include notes on astrophysically interesting stars inthis sample, the metallicity distribution of the solar neighborhood, anda table of solar analogs. We also demonstrate that the bimodal nature ofthe distribution of the chromospheric activity parameterlogR'HK depends strongly on the metallicity, andwe explore the nature of the ``low-metallicity'' chromosphericallyactive K-type dwarfs.
| Improved Astrometry and Photometry for the Luyten Catalog. II. Faint Stars and the Revised Catalog
We complete construction of a catalog containing improved astrometry andnew optical/infrared photometry for the vast majority of NLTT starslying in the overlap of regions covered by POSS I and by the secondincremental Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) release, approximately 44%of the sky. The epoch 2000 positions are typically accurate to 130 mas,the proper motions to 5.5 mas yr-1, and the V-J colors to0.25 mag. Relative proper motions of binary components are measured to 3mas yr-1. The false-identification rate is ~1% for11<~V<~18 and substantially less at brighter magnitudes. Theseimprovements permit the construction of a reduced proper-motion diagramthat, for the first time, allows one to classify NLTT stars intomain-sequence (MS) stars, subdwarfs (SDs), and white dwarfs (WDs). We inturn use this diagram to analyze the properties of both our catalog andthe NLTT catalog on which it is based. In sharp contrast to popularbelief, we find that NLTT incompleteness in the plane is almostcompletely concentrated in MS stars, and that SDs and WDs are detectedalmost uniformly over the sky δ>-33deg. Our catalogwill therefore provide a powerful tool to probe these populationsstatistically, as well as to reliably identify individual SDs and WDs.
| K dwarfs and the chemical evolution of the solar cylinder
K dwarfs have lifetimes older than the present age of the Galactic disc,and are thus ideal stars for investigating the chemical evolution of thedisc. We have developed several photometric metallicity indicators for Kdwarfs, based on a sample of accurate spectroscopic metallicities for 34disc and halo G and K dwarfs. The photometric metallicities lead us todevelop a metallicity index for K dwarfs based only on their position inthe colour-absolute-magnitude diagram. Metallicities have beendetermined for 431 single K dwarfs drawn from the Hipparcos catalogue,selecting the stars by absolute magnitude and removing multiple systems.The sample is essentially a complete reckoning of the metal content innearby K dwarfs. We use stellar isochrones to mark the stars by mass,and select a subset of 220 of the stars, which is complete within anarrow mass interval. We fit the data with a model of the chemicalevolution of the solar cylinder. We find that only a modest cosmicscatter is required to fit our age-metallicity relation. The modelassumes two main infall episodes for the formation of the halo-thickdisc and thin disc, respectively. The new data confirm that the solarneighbourhood formed on a long time-scale of the order of 7 Gyr.
| Identifications and limited spectroscopy for Luyten common proper motion stars with probable white dwarf components. I - Pair brighter than 17th magnitude
Identifications are provided for 103 bright Luyten common proper motion(CPM) stellar systems with m(pg) less than 17.0 mag containing likelywhite dwarf (WD) components. New spectral types are presented for 55components, and spectral types for 51 more are available in theliterature. With the CPM systems previously published by Giclas et al.(1978), the Luyten stars provide a uniform sample of nearly 200 pairs ormultiples brighter than 17h magnitude. Selection effects biasing thecombined samples are discussed; in particular, evidence is presentedthat fewer than 1 percent of wide WD binaries have been detected.
| On the frequency of helium-rich degenerates in wide binaries
The kinematics and spectroscopic properties of the propermotion-selected sample of spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs whichare members of wide binaries are investigated. Kinematically, bothsamples are dominated by young disk and old disk motions. There exists apossible paucity of halo members, but little difference exists betweenthe composition subgroups except for a possible slight increase inhydrogen-dominated (DA) degenerates at lower tangential velocity. Thekinematics of these systems shows little if any difference from that ofsingle degenerates. However, considerable evidence is found that thefrequency of helium-dominated degenerates among the wide binaries may behigher than that found among the single white dwarfs in the propermotion sample.
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תצפית ומידע אסטרומטרי
| קבוצת-כוכבים: | נחש מים |
| התרוממות ימנית: | 11h09m30.08s |
| סירוב: | -25°59'26.7" |
| גודל גלוי: | 8.672 |
| מרחק: | 37.369 פארסק |
| תנועה נכונה: | 225.2 |
| תנועה נכונה: | -65.2 |
| B-T magnitude: | 9.573 |
| V-T magnitude: | 8.747 |
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